1. 关系代词that,which,as的联系
关系代词that,which,as均可以引导定语从句,并在句中充当一定的成分,其中:
a) that和which在从句中指物时常可以互换,如:
The book that/which I am reading is very interesting.
我正在看的这本书非常有趣。
b) which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句,如:
He has made great progress, as / which makes us very happy.
他进步了,这使得我们很高兴。
2. 关系代词that,which,as的区别
a) which引导非限制性定语从句,如:
These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果实。
b) 从句的介词后面用which,如:
I went to the station, at which I met John.
我去了车站,在那里我见到了约翰。
c) 若一个句子中含有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句则用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
给你看一下这本小说,它是我从新对我们开放的图书馆里借来的。
d) 只用that的情况:
i. anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等不定代词作先行词时,如:
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
最后,那个贼把他所偷的东西都交给了警察。
ii. 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时,如:
This is the only example that I can remember.
这是我唯一记得的一个例子。
iii. 先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时,如:
It’s the best ice cream that I have ever eaten.
这是我吃过最好吃的冰淇淋。
iv. 先行词既有人,又有物时,如:
The train ran over a boy and his dog that were just crossing the track.
火车压死了正在过轨道的男孩和他的狗。
v. 主句以特殊疑问词开头时,如:
Which is the book we will use tomorrow?
那本是我们明天要用的书?
vi. 关系代词在句中作表语时,如:
Shenzhen is no longer a rural area that it used to be.
深圳不再是过去的小乡村了。
e) 只用as的情况:
i. 当先行词前面有so + adj. + a / such + (a) + adj. , the same等词修饰时,如:
It is such an interesting book as we all want to read.
它是本我们大家都想读的有趣的书。
ii. 当as引导的非限制性定语从句放到主句的前面时,如:
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
月球每月绕地球转一周,这是每个人都清楚的。
关系代词that,which,as的区别与联系
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